Basic Mechanical Engineering 312006 Manual Practical No 19 Answers
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| Basic Mechanical Engineering 312006 Manual |
Practical No. 19: Collect information on water lifting systems in ancient India in relation with hydraulic pump (IKS)
Practical Significance
Water is a major source for agriculture and traditionally pulley system is used which involves pulling up water from a well or other such source to irrigate the land. According to power sources, water lifts can be classified as manual, animal, and power-operated devices.
Procedure
1. Explain the working principle of Rahat, the Persian wheel, swing basket, peddle wheel
2. Explain the concept of the traditional system of water lifting
3. Explain the main components of the traditional system of water lifting
4. Explain the functions and working components of the traditional system of water lifting
Observation Table
| System | Components | Function |
|---|---|---|
| Rahat | Bullocks, Rope, Lever, Bucket | Bullocks pull the rope, which raises and lowers the lever. The lever attached to a bucket lifts water from the well. |
| Pulley system | Rope, Pulley(s) | Uses one or more pulleys to change the direction and mechanical advantage of the pulling force applied to the rope. |
| Persian wheel | Wheel, Axle, Rope, Buckets | A wheel with buckets attached to its rim rotates around a horizontal axle. As the wheel rotates, the buckets scoop water from a source below and empty it into a channel above. The wheel may be powered by animals, humans, or the current of a flowing stream. |
| Swing Basket | Basket, Rope(s), Support structure (optional) | A basket suspended on a rope or pivoted beam is lowered to collect water from a source. The basket is then raised to empty the water at a higher elevation. |
Results
We successfully observe various traditional systems of water lifting. also, get information about the functions of various components of them.
Practical Related Questions
1. State the difference between Rahat and Persian wheel
Answer:
| Feature | Rahat | Persian Wheel |
|---|---|---|
| Lifting Mechanism | Lever system | Rotating wheel |
| Power Source | Typically uses animal power (bullocks) | Can be animal-powered (bullocks, camels), human-powered, or water-current-powered |
| Lifting Device | Bucket | Buckets attached to the rim of the wheel |
| Lifting Path | Bucket follows an up-and-down path | Buckets follow a circular path |
| Water Source | Typically used for wells | Can be used for wells, rivers, or other water sources |
| Complexity | Relatively simpler mechanism | A more complex mechanism with a rotating wheel and axle |
| Efficiency | Less efficient due to intermittent lifting and lowering | Can be more efficient due to the continuous lifting and emptying of buckets |
| Scalability | Limited lifting height due to lever length | Can be scaled to a larger size for higher lifting capacity |
2. Write specifications of different components Persian wheel
Answer:
Components:
Wheel:
Material: Wood, bamboo, or metal
Diameter: 2 meters to 6 meters.
Axle:
Material: Wood or metal
Diameter: Larger diameter axles provide better stability and reduce stress on the material.
Bearings: made of wood or metal
Buckets:
Material: galvanized steel is common, wood
Capacity: 10 liters to 50 liters.
Frame/Support Structure:
Material: Wood, bamboo,
Driving Mechanism:
Animal Power (Traditional): A blindfolded animal (bullock, camel) walks in a circular path, pulling a rope attached to the axle.
3. List various types of traditional water lifting systems for irrigation
Answer:
- Rahat
- Persian Wheel
- Swing Basket (Shadoof)
- Archimedes' Screw
- Mhote
- Chain Pump