312338 BMC Practical No 13 Inspected staircase components during site visit Answer
 |
| 312338 BMC Practical No 13 |
Practical Significance
The buildings are constructed with multiple floors nowadays. The buildings require different means of vertical communication. Vertical communication refers to the movement of persons and goods vertically using staircases, ramps, lifts, etc. A stair is a combination of steps that leads from one floor to the other. The overall area that includes the steps, handrail, landing, etc. is known as a staircase. The staircases are provided in different shapes. The shape of the staircases is selected based on the availability of the space and the aesthetics of the building.
Observations &Precautions to be followed
1. Type of structure.
2. Type of Staircase
3. Material and its proportion used.
4. Various parts of the staircase were observed during the visit.
5. Use safety measures on site.
6. Listen and follow the instructions given by the site in charge.
7. Maintain discipline during the Visit.
Procedure:
Field Visit Report
Date of Visit - 24/03/2024
Site Address- Near Chakan MIDC Pune
Name of Project- Xyz City
Name of Contractor & Site Engineer - Mr. SK Patil
Status of project completed/ongoing - ongoing
Observation Actual Procedure followed – (Attached Photograph)
Answer:
1. Type of Structure: Residential building
2. Type of Staircase: Straight Staircase
3. Material and its Proportion Used (Estimated):
- Material: Reinforced Concrete Concrete mix design depends on the specific load-bearing requirements
- Proportion (Estimated): Concrete: As per the mix design M20 grade concrete concrete mixes for residential construction might range from M20 (1:1.5:3) to M25 (1:1:3).
- Reinforcement: Steel bars for tension and compression 12 bars for main reinforcement, 8 bars for distribution steel.
4. Various Parts of the Staircase Observed During the Visit:
- Flights: The inclined part of the stairs where the steps are situated is known as the stair tread. It is important to measure the width of the tread (the horizontal surface for walking) and the height of the riser (the vertical distance between steps) to ensure compliance with IS codes for a comfortable and safe user experience.
- Landings: The horizontal platform is located at the start, end, or between flights of stairs. Take note of the landing's size and make sure it is sufficiently spacious for individuals to conveniently turn or stop while using the stairs.
- Treads: Measure the width of the horizontal part of the step where you place your foot and ensure it meets the minimum requirement (usually between 220mm and 250mm for residential buildings).
- Risers: Measure the vertical part of the step between treads to ensure the riser height falls within a comfortable range, usually between 150mm to 180mm for residential buildings.
- Handrails: handrails on both sides of the staircase and evaluate their height (approximately 85cm) and grip (should be easy to hold).
- Balusters: These vertical posts support the handrail. Please check to ensure they are adequately spaced to prevent falls, especially for children.
- Headroom: Ensure that there is sufficient vertical clearance between the underside of any overhead projection, such as a soffit, and the front edge of the step known as the tread nosing. It is important to have enough headroom, typically no less than 2.1m, to prevent hitting your head when using the stairs.